This single distinction confuses more newcomers than any other, so let's untangle it.
A pot still (the classic alembic) is a boiler, a head and a condenser. Because the vapor takes a short, direct path, it carries the congeners — the flavor compounds, oils and esters — along with the alcohol. That's exactly what you want for whiskey, bourbon, rum, brandy and full-flavored moonshine. Expect roughly 40–70% alcohol per run depending on your wash and your cuts.
A reflux still adds a tall column, often packed with copper mesh or fitted with plates. As vapor climbs, some condenses and falls back (that's reflux), re-distilling again and again. The result is a much higher-proof, cleaner, more neutral spirit — 90%+ is achievable — ideal for vodka, gin bases and neutral grain spirit. The same reflux that scrubs impurities also scrubs flavor.
Many of our most popular stills carry a thumper and worm. A thumper is a sweet middle path: a second chamber the vapor bubbles through for a modest second distillation — a little more proof and refinement while keeping the glorious flavor of a pot still. The worm is the classic coiled copper condenser submerged in cool water.
If your heart is set on whiskey, rum, brandy or honest full-flavored moonshine — and for most folks it is — buy a copper pot still. If you dream of crystal-clear vodka or a clean gin base, choose a reflux design.